A fitness tracker or activity tracker is an electronic device or app that measures and collects data about an individual's movements and physical responses in order to monitor and improve their health, fitness, or psychological wellness over time.
Fitness trackers are a more sophisticated version of the pedometer; in addition to counting steps, they contain additional sensors such as accelerometers and altimeters to collect or estimate information, including the speed and distance travelled, heart rate, calorie expenditure, or the duration and quality of sleep.
Improvements in computing technology since the 1980s, recently driven by the rapid advancement of smartphones, paved the way for the spread of wearable tracker devices with integrated sensors. A large amount of sensitive sensor and user-input data is synced with mobile apps such as fitness, mood, sleep, water intake, medicine usage, sexual activity, menstruation, and potential illnesses. The large volume of data collected has led to privacy concerns around how consumer information is stored and analyzed by the companies involved.
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